Light-emitting diodes (LED) are made of III-IV compounds, such as GaAs (GaAs), GaP (GaP), GaAsP (GaAs) and other semiconductors. The core of the LED is PN_junction. Therefore, it has the I-V_characteristics of general P-N_junctions, i.e. forward conduction, reverse cut-off and breakdown characteristics. In addition, it has luminescent properties under certain conditions. Under forward voltage, electrons are injected into P_region from N_region and holes into N_region from P_region. The minority carriers (minority carriers) entering the opposite region are combined with the majority carriers (polycarriers) to emit light.
What are the advantages of LED light?
Energy saving. LED energy consumption is only 1/10 of incandescent lamp, energy saving 1/4 of fluorescent lamp
Long life. Life can reach more than 50,000 hours, for ordinary household lighting can be described as “once and for all”.
It can work at high speed. If the fluorescent lamp is turned on or off frequently, the filament will turn black and spoil quickly..
Solid-state packaging, which belongs to the type of cold light source. So it is very convenient to transport and install, can be installed in any micro and closed equipment, not afraid of vibration, basically without considering heat dissipation.
LED technology is progressing rapidly. Its luminous efficiency is making an amazing breakthrough, and its price is constantly decreasing. The era of LED entering the family is rapidly approaching.
Environmental protection, no harmful substances of mercury. The assembly parts of the LED lamp can be easily disassembled and assembled, and can be recovered by other people without manufacturer’s recycling.
Disadvantage: At present, the development cost is high and the price is relatively high.
Summary: Obviously, following the cost of LED light decreases with the continuous improvement of LED technology. fluorescent lamp and incandescent lamp will inevitably be replaced by LED lights. At present, the countries pays more and more attention to energy saving and environmental protection of lighting, and has been vigorously promoting the use of LED light. Until 2018, the led light price only 30% higher than the CFL lamps.
Experimental data compare(LED vs CFL vs Incandescent vs fluorescent) light efficiency, life span, toxic substance, reaction rate and CRI
