The importance of lithium battery safety, what are the potential safety hazards and solutions for lithium batteries
Lithium batteries are composed of positive electrodes, negative electrodes, separators, electrolytes, etc. If inferior materials are selected or the workmanship is unqualified during the production process, it is likely to cause safety hazards and bring serious consequences. In addition to unqualified lithium battery materials and processes, non-standard use and external factors will also cause safety problems in lithium batteries. The safety problems of lithium batteries can be divided into battery bulges, electrolyte leakage, battery overheating and short circuit, burning, Explosion etc.
The main safety hazards of lithium batteries are as follows:
1. Material
When the temperature of a lithium battery is overheated, the active material of the positive electrode material will automatically decompose, and the electrolyte will oxidize to generate a lot of heat, which will further increase the battery temperature and affect the stability of the battery; when the temperature is too high, the negative electrode of the battery will interact with the electrolyte. The exothermic reaction causes the battery to overheat and burn and explode, which is dangerous.
Second, the craft
The production process of lithium batteries needs to be standardized and rigorous. During the production process, the battery material quality, slurry uniformity, coating, and cutting control are all important. Each process will affect the safety performance and quality of the battery. The production process of lithium battery can be divided into positive and negative electrode material mixing, coating, cutting, punching, rolling, filling electrolyte, forming, dividing, sealing, assembling and so on.
Three, use
In the process of using lithium batteries, if the method is not appropriate, it is also likely to cause safety risks to the battery. For example, when charging is overcharged and over-discharged, long-term charging will cause the battery to swell and expand. Once the internal temperature exceeds the set value, it may cause a short circuit in the battery under extreme conditions, which may cause the battery to burn or explode.
Four, test
Irregular testing of lithium batteries will cause low-quality batteries with unstable performance to flow into the market, making batteries with inherent safety hazards even more unsafe. Therefore, standardizing the test process, selecting a suitable battery test module, rigorously recording the test results, and repairing and redoing the batteries with quality problems are the focus of lithium battery testing.
Lithium battery safety hazard solutions:
In order to solve the potential safety hazards of lithium batteries, we can start from the root cause
One is to improve the safety of electrode materials and electrolytes, prevent direct contact between electrode materials and electrolytes, thereby improving the stability of lithium batteries;
The second is to strengthen the safety protection design of the lithium battery. It is necessary to install a battery protection board. You can also use methods such as thermally sealed diaphragms, battery safety valves, additional protection circuits, and thermal fuses to improve the safety of lithium batteries;
Third, the lithium battery test module can choose the high-current shrapnel micro-needle module, which can not only effectively improve the test efficiency of the battery, but also benefit the stability of the lithium battery test. The high-current shrapnel micro-needle module can carry a large current of 50A, the connection is stable and reliable, and it has good adaptability in small areas. The average service life can reach more than 20w times, and it is highly compatible with lithium battery testing.
