Common Quality Problems and Causes of LED Bulbs
LED bulbs are non-directional self-ballasted LED lamps, widely used as alternatives to incandescent and self-ballasted fluorescent lamps. The main advantages of LED bulbs compared to traditional light sources are energy saving, environmental friendliness, and long lifespan. In 2023, relevant testing institutions conducted tests on LED bulbs purchased from various channels according to national standards. They found that while the bulbs passed tests for protection against accidental contact with live parts and fire resistance, nine other indicators, including marking and interchangeability, failed to meet standards. Among safety-related issues, substandard interchangeability and mechanical strength are often due to the use of inferior lamp holders and improper fixing processes. Insulation and dielectric strength failures after dampness stem from inadequate metal heat sink isolation and poor component insulation.
Labeling issues manifest as missing markings or failure to affix energy efficiency labels, caused by companies' lack of understanding of standards and policies, failure to register for testing to save costs, and inaccurate data from some testing institutions leading to incorrect labeling parameters. Performance issues include lamp power deviating from the nominal value, low power factor, substandard initial luminous efficacy/flux, and substandard color characteristics, often due to the purchase of inferior raw materials, unreasonable circuit design, companies falsely labeling parameters, and poor phosphor ratios in the chips.
In response, it is recommended that companies abandon inferior raw materials, optimize process design, improve testing capabilities, and pay attention to industry policies. Regulatory authorities should strengthen supervision of testing institutions and the market. Consumers should purchase branded products with energy efficiency labels and "three guarantees" (repair, replacement, and refund) through legitimate channels and avoid buying low-priced products.
