The heat generated by the LED panel light mainly comes from two sources, one is the temperature rise of the PN junction during the working process of the LED light source, and the other is the power devices (such as power MOSFET, power diode, transformer, inductor and aluminum) in the LED drive circuit. heat emitted by electrolytic capacitors). If there is no good heat dissipation design and heat dissipation management, it will accelerate the light decay of the LED, reduce the luminous efficiency of the LED, shorten the service life of the components in the LED and the driving circuit, and greatly affect the reliability of the LED panel light. Once the internal temperature of the lamp exceeds the limit temperature of the LED and some electronic components, it will cause permanent damage to the LED and some electronic components, and the entire LED panel light can only be abandoned and scrapped. Therefore, the heat dissipation of lamps is an important guarantee for the reliable operation of efficient LED lighting systems, and is a key technology related to the service life of LED lamps.
At present, there are many ways and technical measures to solve the heat dissipation problem of LED panel lights. The available solutions are as follows.
1) Choose LED light source with excellent heat dissipation performance
In the design of the cooling system of the LED panel light, the LED or LED module with small thermal resistance and good heat dissipation performance should be selected first. To solve the heat dissipation problem of the LED itself, one is to improve the luminous efficiency of the LED chip, reduce the non-radiative recombination that does not emit light, and fundamentally reduce the heat generated by the vibration (or oscillation) of the LED lattice. The second is to optimize the structure of the LED and install a heat sink.
The selection of LED modules plays an important role in reducing temperature rise. Choosing LED lamp beads encapsulated by materials with high thermal conductivity and good consistency can improve the internal thermal diffusivity. A metal (usually aluminum) substrate with high thermal conductivity is used as the wick board. The temperature distribution of the heat sink is uniform, which can improve the heat dissipation effect.
2) Optimize the LED drive circuit design to reduce the heat generated by the electrical system
LED lighting power supplies are based on the topology of ordinary power supplies, especially switching power supplies. However, unlike other power supplies, LED driving power supplies must work in a high temperature environment for a long time, so the requirements for the driving circuit are very high.
To optimize the design of the LED drive circuit, it is necessary to select the appropriate topology structure according to different lighting applications to obtain high conversion efficiency, and to minimize power loss and reduce the heat generated by the drive power system. Some LEDs with unipolar conversion structure The drive circuit can eliminate aluminum electrolytic capacitors that are sensitive to temperature changes, which not only helps reduce the heat of the LED drive power supply, but also prolongs the service life of the power supply system.
3) Installing a radiator is the main heat dissipation method commonly used at present
The ideal cooling device for LED panel lights must have the characteristics of small size, high efficiency, noise suppression and high reliability. Installing a radiator is the main cooling method for economical use at present. Most metals are good conductors of heat, especially the aluminum frame Z is suitable for use as a heat sink for LED flat lights.
4) The drive power is separated from the LED lamp body
The heat generated by the LED lighting power supply itself will increase the temperature rise of the LED light. The integrated design of the power supply and the LED light will make the overall heating of the LED light uneven, which may easily cause fatigue and early failure of the LED panel light.
5) Printed circuit board (PCB) heat dissipation design
It is not enough to choose LED devices with low thermal resistance. It must effectively reduce the thermal resistance of the PN junction to the environment, so as to reduce the PN junction temperature of the LED as much as possible to improve the LED panel. The service life of the lamp is different from the traditional light source, the PCB is not only the power supply carrier of the LED, but also the heat dissipation carrier. Therefore, the heat dissipation design of the PCB (including wiring, pad size) is also particularly important. For LED devices with a small thermal resistance gap, the selection of different PCB design schemes will greatly affect the thermal resistance of the final system, which in turn affects the system temperature. Other than that. The material, thickness and area of the heat dissipation material, as well as the treatment of the heat dissipation interface, the welding method, and the welding conditions are all factors to be considered by the lighting manufacturer.
6) Using a temperature control circuit to limit the temperature rise of the LED panel light
In the LED panel light system, a temperature control circuit can be added to limit the temperature rise. When the temperature of the LED panel light exceeds the set threshold, the temperature control circuit operates to appropriately reduce the output of the drive power supply; when the temperature drops to a certain value, the drive circuit returns to normal working state.
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