Review the evolution of lamps with us
Lamp has always been the lighting method that everyone relies on for survival, and has accompanied human beings through the long night for thousands of years. Since the ape man drilled wood to make fire, human beings have experienced the lighting process of animal oil lamps, vegetable oil lamps, kerosene lamps, and candles. Until 1808, British scientist David created the clear arc lamp, and human beings have entered the era of electric lighting since the beginning. .
For a fairly long period of time before the advent of electric lamps, humans widely used oil lamps for lighting, and during this period, oil lamps passed many improvements. The oil used in oil lamps was changed from animal oil to vegetable oil, and finally to kerosene. The wick has also gone through the changing process of grass, cotton thread, and multiple strands of cotton thread.
Kerosene lamps or gas lamps were the main lighting tools before the popularization of electric lamps. This kind of lamp burns kerosene or gas, so it has a strong black smoke and a pungent odor, and it is often inconvenient to increase fuel and wipe the lampshade. . What's more serious is that this kind of light can easily lead to fire and become a catastrophe.
The era of occasional collisions with electric lighting
In 1808, British scientist David David made an electric arc lamp when two carbon rods collided unintentionally, and a strong white light flashed out. Candles". However, because of its high power consumption and short lifespan, it did not take long to launch the stage of history.
The future is the era of Edison and incandescent lamps as we know it. With the advancement of generator technology and the identification of material characteristics, in 1882, Edison built the first power station in New York, making incandescent lamps truly pervasive in society. . In the early days, the filament of the incandescent lamp was made of bamboo filament. Later, Edison replaced the bamboo filament with chemical fiber, and the quality of the bulb has also improved.
But in 1885, three years after Edison established the power plant, German chemist Awu Aier added a special lampshade to the lamp cap of the original gas lamp. At high temperatures, the metal oxide contained in the lampshade burns to incandescent, and the result is a white light that is far brighter than incandescent lamps.
It was not until the beginning of the 20th century, since the introduction of tungsten filaments into incandescent lamps, that the competition between incandescent lamps and various lamps such as kerosene lamps and gas lamps achieved decisive success. The use of tungsten wire has strongly promoted the development of the electric lighting industry, and it has always been used today.
Although incandescent bulbs were later improved to meet special needs, they can be subdivided into general lighting, high-voltage and low-voltage lamps, halogen lamps, infrared lamps and other varieties. However, generally speaking, incandescent light bulbs cannot meet the needs of human beings if they are to be used as lighting equipment for large rooms or large-scale spaces.
Fluorescent lamps can be said to be a very important creation of indoor lighting. Nowadays, most of the nighttime indoor lighting in the world uses fluorescent lamps. Compared with traditional light bulbs, fluorescent tubes have several advantages, such as long service life, high luminous power, large illumination area, and can be adjusted to different light colors. The use of fluorescent lamps meets the needs of most human occasions. Although various electric lamps are still being developed one after another, as of the end of the 20th century, it is still impossible to develop a creation that is more in line with human needs than fluorescent lamps.
Light-emitting diodes, which began in the late 20th century, brought light to the future of lighting. In 1996, Japan Nichia Chemical Co., Ltd., based on GaN blue light-emitting diodes, developed a blue-light LED to excite yttrium-aluminum-garnet phosphors to generate yellow fluorescence, and the yellow fluorescence generated was then mixed with blue light to produce white light (blue light LED cooperation). YAG phosphor), opened the prelude for LED to enter the lighting market.
Although fluorescent lamps have many advantages, one of the biggest drawbacks is that fluorescent tubes consume a lot of electricity, and most of the electricity is spent on heat energy. LEDs not only consume less electricity, but also have a small size, which can allow lighting planners to break the space. Constraints, the maximum limit to plan dazzling lights in a limited space. With the advancement of current LED technology, the application of white LEDs has gradually expanded, including indicator lights, portable flashlights, LCD screen backlights, car exterior and interior lights, etc.
It can be seen that the design of any kind of lamp is closely related to the social setting at that time. The development of society promotes the continuous updating and advancement of product design, and at the same time, the continuous development and progress of product design promotes the development of society. A new type of lighting is always accompanied by the development of new materials, new processes and new technologies.
Recalling the changes of lamps, lighting has experienced the development process from fire, oil to electricity. Lighting tools have undergone many innovations, including torches, candles, kerosene lamps, incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, and now a dazzling array of lighting lamps, energy-saving lamps, decorative lamps, landscape lamps, heating lamps, navigation lamps, indicator lights, signal lights, Night lights, disinfection lights, planting lights, etc., it can be said that the history of lighting is just a testimony to the history of human civilization.
Modern lighting not only develops towards energy conservation and environmental protection, but also moves towards intelligent control. Based on the characteristics of LED lighting that facilitates digital control, the intelligent lights made by it can not only automatically detect the environment and automatically switch on and off, but also dynamically allocate light sources, so that the lights can radiate to the place of need. Intelligent control of lamps and lanterns is the development demand of modern society. It greatly saves power and facilitates everyone's life. Intelligent lighting is the main trend of today's lighting product planning and development.
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