What are the classifications of lamps
Lighting fixtures can be classified according to the use of light source, installation method, use environment and use function, etc. The following are several representative classification methods.
According to the light source used
Mainly include incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, high-strength gas discharge lamps, etc.
According to the installation method of the lamps and lanterns
Mainly include chandeliers, ceiling lamps, wall lamps, recessed lamps, dark channel lamps, table lamps, floor lamps, luminous ceilings, high pole lamps, lawn lamps, etc.;
According to the material classification of the support surface of the lamp design
According to the design of the supporting surface material of the lamp, it can be divided into movable lamps and portable lamps, fixed lamps suitable for installation on the surface of ordinary combustible materials and fixed lamps suitable for installation on the surface of non-flammable materials. Surface of flammable materials Not suitable for direct installation of lamps
Only lamps with the F symbol mark can be directly installed on the surface of ordinary combustible materials.
Classified according to the use environment of special places
Lamps and lanterns can be divided into lamps and lanterns used in dusty, damp, corrosive, fire hazard and explosion hazard places according to the use environment of their special places;
According to the function classification of the lamps and lanterns
According to this classification method, there are roughly the following classification methods:
1. According to the classification of dustproof, solid foreign matter and waterproof grade GB7000.1-2002 "General Safety Requirements and Tests for Luminaires" (equivalent to IEC60598-1: 1999), the protection grade of lamps is classified by "IP" and two characteristic numbers composition.
The first characteristic number after IP refers to the degree of protection that prevents the human body from touching or approaching the live parts inside the housing and preventing foreign objects from entering the inside of the housing.
The second digit after IP refers to the degree of protection to prevent water from entering the inside of the lamp housing;
2. Classified according to the type of protection against electric shock
In order to ensure electrical safety and the normal operation of the lamp, all live parts of the lamp (including wires, connectors, lamp holders, etc.) must be protected by insulation or additional shielding. The method and degree of protection affect the use of the lamp And use environment. This measure to protect personal safety is called protection against electric shock.
IEC has clear classification requirements for the protection of lamps against electric shock. National Village GB7000.1-2002 "General Safety Requirements and Tests for Lamps" stipulates that the types of lamp protection against electric shock are divided into four categories: 0, I, II, and III;
3. Classification according to optical characteristics or functions
(1) According to the recommendations of the International Commission of Illumination, indoor lighting. According to the distribution of light flux in the upper and lower spaces, it can be divided into five types: A, B, C, D and E.
(2) The United Kingdom is divided into ten types according to the distribution of the light intensity of the lamps in the lower hemisphere, and the light intensity distribution curve of the BZ category is given.
(3) Classification of lamps and lanterns according to 1/2 illuminance angle,
(4) Classification of floodlights: all floodlights are classified according to the size of the beam angle. The beam angle refers to the angle between 1/10 of the maximum light intensity of the lamp.
The beam angle can be divided into two types: horizontal and vertical. Sometimes due to asymmetric light distribution, the vertical and horizontal beam angles can also be divided into up, down, and left and right.
The main light intensity (or peak light intensity) of the flood light refers to the maximum light intensity of the lamp, which can be found from the light distribution curve. Generally, the light intensity value under 1000lm is given, and the absolute light intensity value of the lamp can be obtained through conversion.
