The wavelength range corresponding to each color of the LED
The wavelengths of various LED colors are: blue 470nm, blue-green 505nm, green 525nm, and yellow 590nm. The spectral wavelength distribution of LED is 460-636nm, and the wavelengths are blue, green, yellow-green, yellow, yellow-orange, and red in order from short to long.
The wavelength of red light-emitting diodes is generally 650~700nm, the wavelength of amber light-emitting diodes is generally 630~650 nm, the wavelength of orange light-emitting diodes is generally about 610~630 nm, the wavelength of yellow light-emitting diodes is generally about 585 nm, and the green light-emitting diodes are generally about 585 nm. The wavelength of the diode is generally 555~570 nm.
A type of semiconductor diode that converts electrical energy into light energy. Like ordinary diodes, light-emitting diodes consist of a PN junction and also have unidirectional conductivity. When a forward voltage is applied to the light-emitting diode, the holes injected from the P region to the N region and the electrons injected from the N region to the P region will be respectively connected with the electrons in the N region and the empty holes in the P region within a few microns of the PN junction. Hole recombination, resulting in spontaneous emission of fluorescence. The energy states of electrons and holes in different semiconductor materials are different.
When electrons and holes recombine, the energy released is somewhat different, the more energy released, the shorter the wavelength of the light emitted. Commonly used are diodes that emit red, green or yellow light. The reverse breakdown voltage of the light-emitting diode is greater than 5 volts. Its forward volt-ampere characteristic curve is very steep, and a current limiting resistor must be connected in series to control the current through the diode.
The important aspects of the optical parameters of LED are: luminous flux, luminous efficiency, luminous intensity, luminous intensity distribution, wavelength.
Luminous Efficiency and Luminous Flux
Luminous efficiency is the ratio of luminous flux to electrical power, and the unit is generally lm/W. Luminous efficiency represents the energy-saving characteristics of light sources, which is an important indicator to measure the performance of modern light sources.
Luminous Intensity and Luminous Intensity Distribution
The luminous intensity of LED is to characterize its luminous intensity in a certain direction. Since the luminous intensity of LEDs varies a lot at different spatial angles, we have studied the luminous intensity distribution characteristics of LEDs.
This parameter is of great practical significance and directly affects the minimum viewing angle of the LED display device. For example, in a large-scale LED color display in a stadium, if the selected LED single tube has a narrow distribution range, the audience facing the display at a large angle will see a distorted image. And traffic lights also require a wider range of people to recognize.
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