The price of lithium batteries has dropped by nearly 85% in the past ten years. China has formed the world's most complete lithium battery industry chain
At present, the two key indicators of lithium batteries-cost and energy density have achieved substantial improvements, laying the foundation for the industrialization of electric vehicles. In the past ten years, the price of lithium-ion batteries has dropped by nearly 85%, from 3,800 yuan/Kwh in 2011 to 578 yuan/Kwh in 2020; on the contrary, the energy density of lithium-ion batteries has increased by nearly three times. The annual 80wh/kg will rise to 270wh/kg in 2020.
China has formed the world's most complete lithium battery industry chain
At present, the two key indicators of lithium batteries, cost and energy density, have been greatly improved, laying the foundation for the industrialization of electric vehicles.
In the past ten years, the price of lithium-ion batteries has dropped by nearly 85%, from 3,800 yuan/Kwh in 2011 to 578 yuan/Kwh in 2020; on the contrary, the energy density of lithium-ion batteries has increased by nearly three times. The annual 80wh/kg will rise to 270wh/kg in 2020.
China has formed the world's most complete lithium battery industry chain. In 2020, China's lithium-ion battery shipments will increase from 30.4Gwh in 2014 to 158.5Gwh, and the global share will increase to 53.8%. China's lithium-ion battery output value has gradually slowed down due to price declines. In 2020, it will increase by 9% year-on-year to 169.64 billion yuan.
It is estimated that the global sales of new energy vehicles will reach 16.4 million in 2025, and the overall penetration rate will exceed 20%; the global demand for lithium-ion batteries will officially enter the TWH era in 2025, and the demand for automotive power batteries will reach 919.4Gwh.
In terms of product structure, from the perspective of the proportion of the monthly installed capacity of different technology types of passenger car batteries in China in the past two years, the ternary power battery still dominates, and the proportion of iron and lithium has increased; the proportion of square batteries in China has remained around 80% , Mainly because the leading companies Ningde Times and BYD both use square batteries.
In terms of corporate structure, Wu Hui said that the current structure is relatively unstable, and outstanding companies with a certain degree of competitiveness in the world have emerged in different battery subdivisions. Among them, in the field of power batteries, five global competitiveness companies have emerged: Panasonic, Samsung, LG, CATL, and SK. At the same time, China has become the world's largest battery material production base, supplying a large number of local and overseas battery companies.
During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, China has basically formed the world's most complete lithium-ion battery industry chain, and under the background of the self-development of lithium-ion battery companies and the government's initiative to attract investment, China has formed a clear lithium-ion battery industry cluster.
Specifically, Beijing and Tianjin rely on universities and research institutes to gather a large number of R&D institutions and industry chain companies in the lithium battery industry chain. It mainly includes the Eighteen Institute, Tianjin Lishen, Mengguli, Bamo Technology, Beijing Dangsheng, Peking University, Tianjin Jinniu, Beijing Weilan, etc.
Relying on the advantages of Yichun's lithium resources, Jiangxi Province strives to build a lithium capital in Asia. Currently, Foster, Jiangxi Zichen, Jiangxi Zhengtuo, Guoxuan, Enjie and other companies in the lithium battery industry chain have gathered. In addition, Xinyu City in the province also regards the lithium battery industry as one of its key industries.
The development of power batteries has driven the development of the lithium battery industry in the Yangtze River Delta. The Yangtze River Delta region has gathered a large amount of vehicle manufacturing capacity, attracting companies including Ningde Times, Funeng Technology, AVIC Lithium, Guoxuan Hi-Tech, Lishen, LG Chemical, The layout of leading companies including SKI has led to the establishment and expansion of industrial chain companies including Peking University, Dangsheng Technology, Jiujiujiu, Xinzhoubang, Guotai Huarong, etc., and gradually formed Jintan, Liyang, etc. An industrial cluster city with obvious lithium battery characteristics. And a large number of corporate R&D centers are located in Shanghai, and manufacturing bases are located in Jiangsu and Zhejiang.
Relying on leading enterprises ATL and CATL, Ningde has gathered leading industrial chain companies including Putailai, Zhuogao, Xinjiatuo, Xiamen Tungsten Industry, Cathay Huarong, Shanshan Co., Ltd., SAIC and other industrial chain leading enterprises to settle down, forming an obvious industrial chain cluster. The lithium battery new energy characteristic town built by the Ningde Municipal Government was selected as the first batch of characteristic towns in the country.
The Pearl River Delta region is an advantageous region for the traditional lithium-ion battery and material manufacturing industry, where a large number of industrial chain enterprises have gathered. Representative companies include BYD, Yiwei Lithium Energy, BAK, Xinwangda, Desai Battery, ATL, Grammy, Zhuhai Guanyu, Baterui, Penghui Energy, Vision Group, Kodali, Tianmao, Tianci, A large number of industrial chain enterprises, such as Xinzhoubang, Defang Nano, Boliwei, Pinsheng, Zhuhai Saiwei, Shanshan, Xiangfenghua, are currently the most developed and complete area of China's lithium battery industry chain. With the adjustment of the industrial structure of the Pearl River Delta, a large number of industrial chain enterprises have begun to move to the central and western regions.
Relying on the advantages of Central South University in the field of lithium battery materials, Changsha has formed a lithium-ion battery material industry cluster. The region has gathered leaders in the industry chain including Shanshan Energy, Changyuan Lithium, Star City Graphite, Lithium Diaphragm, Thornton New Energy, and Hunan Bangpu.
In recent years, Sichuan and Chongqing have undertaken a large number of industrial transfers from coastal areas, relying on the advantages of cheap factor resources, and gradually formed another cluster of the lithium battery industry chain. Relying on the developed automobile industry, Chongqing attracted BYD's blade batteries to settle in. Yibin relied on the financial strength brought by Wuliangye to attract the Ningde era, thus driving a large number of industrial chain enterprises to settle in Yibin. The Suining Municipal Government has built a lithium battery material industry cluster by relying on cheap electricity bills and the local leading company Tianqi Lithium, and is committed to building China's lithium capital.
Relying on local cheap element resources and mineral resources, Qinghai has attracted companies in the lithium battery industry chain including Ningde Times, BYD, Peking University, Noord shares, and Salt Lake.
Forward-looking strategic planning and industrial research are the foundation for building industrial clusters
"As an emerging industry in the early stage of development, the government has a strong influence on the development of the battery new energy industry." Wu Hui analyzed that forward-looking strategic planning and industrial research are the basis for building industrial clusters.
The planning system formed over the years in my country has two major series: development planning and spatial planning. The typical representatives of development planning and spatial planning are national economic and social development plans and urban (land) planning respectively. Industrial planning does not belong to the national mandatory planning sequence. It focuses on development planning, which is more specific and pragmatic than the national economic and social development plan. It also involves some spatial planning content.
Industrial planning needs to take care to prevent falling into misunderstandings such as ineffective organization, lack of objective understanding of external environmental conditions and the industrial use value of internal resources, insufficient planning depth and height, serious planning convergence problems, and poor planning operability.
At the same time, it is recommended to follow the "four-in-one" industrial development model and thinking, namely, seize the position of development (to seize the first opportunity, take the lead in the layout of high-end industries), standard development (activate the stock, promote the upgrading of the new energy automobile industry), and transposition development ( Grasp the current situation, undertake the transfer of industries from developed areas), position development (scientific positioning, ensure the implementation of industrial planning).
Combine the expansion of the industrial scale with the upgrading of the industrial level, focusing on the expansion of the industrial scale; the combination of growing local enterprises and the introduction of external enterprises, focusing on the introduction of external enterprises; the combination of the introduction of major projects with urban brand marketing, focusing on the introduction of major projects .
