What lamps and lanterns should be used for workshop lighting in steel mills are all here!
The division of iron and steel plants generally includes four parts: iron making, steel making, steel rolling and factory roads. Ironmaking includes three parts: raw material field, sintering, and blast furnace ironmaking; steelmaking also has two forms: electric furnace steelmaking and converter steelmaking; steel rolling is the stage of steel forming, generally including profile plants, cold rolling plants, hot rolling plants, and silicon steel. Studios, etc. Each part is different because of its production method, function, structure, environment, etc., and the required LED lighting lamps are also different, but generally local lamps have the functions of good light source penetration, good heat dissipation, dust resistance, and shock resistance.
Iron and steel plants refer to factories that produce pig iron, steel, steel, industrial pure iron, and ferroalloys. The steel industry is the most important basic industry in all industrialized countries in the world. Steel production or per capita steel production is an important indicator of the economic strength of countries. Therefore, doing a good job in the iron and steel industry is an important part of the country's development strategy. As one of the necessary conditions for production, workshop lighting is closely related to the production efficiency of the company and the occupational health and personal safety of workers, as well as energy conservation and emission reduction. In recent years, safety accidents caused by poor lighting conditions in steel plants are not uncommon, which also leads to low production efficiency and workers' concerns about their own safety. At the same time, unreasonable and high-energy-consuming lighting conditions have also brought a heavy burden to enterprises in terms of energy conservation and emission reduction. This paper makes a brief analysis of the lighting application of iron and steel plants based on the concept of high-efficiency, energy-saving and safe lighting.
What kind of lamps should be used in the rolling process?
raw material factory
The raw material factory is a workshop where iron ore, coke, limestone and other iron-making raw materials are crushed, screened, transported, etc., and finally entered into the blast furnace from the top of the blast furnace. This area includes raw material unloading, raw material storage, raw material pulverization, raw material ratio, raw material delivery.
Raw material unloading is divided into ship unloading terminal, train unloading and car unloading according to the mode of transportation. The ship unloading terminal is mainly for unloading and transporting the material from the future ship to the material yard. The lighting here is divided into gantry crane lighting and transportation belt lighting. The gantry crane lighting generally installs the lamps on the gantry crane, and the gantry crane vibrates greatly during the loading and unloading process, so the lamps and lanterns must be required to use lamps with strong seismic performance. At the same time, because the environment is foggy, a light source with good penetration should be selected here. The transportation belt lighting is general outdoor three-proof lighting, and the vertical pole-type lamps are generally used for lighting.
Metallurgical Process
Raw material storage. In the ironmaking process, coke, iron ore and limestone are the main raw materials. The three raw materials are stored in the form of open-air stacking. The area where the raw materials are stacked is generally called a stockyard. The stockyard is generally illuminated by high pole lights, which are distributed around the stockyard. Pole lights are recommended for this area.
Processing, proportioning and transportation of raw materials, the process is to gradually transport the raw materials from the underground layer (the place below 0 meters) to the top layer of the blast furnace (generally 80-100 meters high) through the conveyor belt. Therefore, this area is dominated by belt corridors and belt transfer stations. The belt gallery area is dusty, humid (part of the belt), and vibrates a lot (the belt with a pulverizer.) Therefore, three-proof lamps must be used in these areas, and the light source type is mostly high-pressure sodium lamps.
Belt corridors are divided into three types according to the number of belts, one is single belt corridor (usually 3.5 meters wide, and the area is narrow and long), double belt corridor (generally 7 meters wide, and the area is narrow and long), and multi-belt corridors. In the single-belt gallery, single-row lights (ceiling or wall-absorbing) are generally used, and the interval between the lamps is generally 8-12 meters (according to the actual requirements of the customer's contrast); the double-belt generally adopts the double-row symmetrical or double-row cross form. cloth lights.
The selection of multi-belt corridor lamps and double-belt corridor lamps is the same. The recommended selection of the above three belts is only for the middle area of the belt. For the head and tail areas of the belt, because of the large dust, it is difficult for low-power lamps to meet the requirements. Therefore, 250W/400W is generally used in the head and tail of the belt. Powerful floodlights. The characteristics of the transfer station are large dust, humidity and vibration, so the lamps in this area must be three-proof lamps.
Sinter plant
In the sintering process, from the raw material to the sintering furnace, the main areas are the raw material conveyor belt and the transfer station. The specific selection is the same as the previous raw material belt; the temperature in the sintering furnace area is high, and the lighting in this area generally adopts long-distance projection lighting. Due to the high temperature, large smoke and heavy dust in the slag processing area, flood lights can be used.
Ironworks
The blast furnace area is divided into an indoor part of the blast furnace and an outdoor part of the blast furnace. The height of the blast furnace workshop is generally 30-40 meters, while the height of the blast furnace itself is 80-100 meters, so part of the excess is outdoors. The lighting in the blast furnace workshop is divided into two parts, one is the ceiling lighting of the workshop and the other is the furnace body lighting. In the ceiling lighting, because of the high temperature near the furnace body, the ceiling lamps should be split-type lamps about 20 meters away from the furnace body, and the floodlights can be implemented in areas beyond 20 meters.
The furnace body is illuminated, and the furnace bottom part is about 10 meters from the bottom of the workshop to the furnace body. Because the bottom of the furnace is divided into key working areas, and the ambient temperature in this area is high and the water vapor is heavy (frequently flushing the slag truck with water guns and working tools to cool down), it is impossible to install lamps near this area, so the lighting here is made of relatively Long-distance light transmission and flood lighting. The installation method adopts wall-type or seat-type installation; in the range of 10 meters from the furnace body to the top of the workshop, the ambient temperature in this area is high, the water vapor is heavy, and there are flammable and explosive gases. Therefore, explosion-proof platform lamps with good heat dissipation performance should be used in this range. . The outdoor part of the furnace body lighting belongs to the general outdoor hollow platform lighting. It is recommended to use high-efficiency anti-glare tri-proof lights for this part, and install it on a pole.
The main function of the hot blast stove is to add oxygen-enriched and auxiliary gas to the air, and then blow the heated air into the boiler. The hot blast stove is an outdoor hollow steel frame platform, and most of the platforms are pipes. The environment in this area is relatively simple, it is a simple outdoor platform, and the lamps in this area are all pole-mounted.
Dust removal workshop, dust removal workshop is divided into two categories according to the type, electrostatic dust removal, bag dust removal. The electrostatic precipitator area is a relatively simple outdoor type, and the area dust is large. Therefore, three-proof lamps and lanterns must be selected in this area. The bottom is installed with a ceiling tiger suction wall, and the middle and top layers are installed with a vertical pole. Bag dust removal also belongs to the outdoor hollow steel frame platform, but this area is special. The part from the raw gas inlet platform at the bottom to the clean gas outlet platform at the top belongs to the explosion-proof area. Above the clean gas platform is the non-explosion-proof area. Except for the bottom lamps that need to be installed on the suction wall, the other layers of lamps are pole-mounted. High-power floodlights can be used at the bottom of the bag filter.
The slag removal area, which is part of the blast furnace plant. The slag treatment belt is the link for transporting the water-cooled red slag to the slag yard, so the water vapor on the belt is large, and the selected light source must have good penetrability.
Hot metal transportation, railway line area, this area is the link where the molten iron in the blast furnace is poured into the torpedo ladle, the temperature here is very high, the work here is mainly operated by computers, and the surrounding cameras are densely distributed. Therefore, the installation of lamps here must be comprehensively considered from the aspects of illuminance and installation angle, and cannot be directly facing the camera. It is recommended to install a higher-power floodlight along the direction of the camera.
steel mill
The molten iron from the iron-making blast furnace is transported to the converter area for steelmaking through the iron transport line. This area is the operation area of the crane, and lighting is required in the operation area of the crane. This area is characterized by large smoke and high temperature. Therefore, lamps in sub-regions require good light penetration and excellent heat dissipation. In the process of transporting coke to the converter, the most important areas are the coke conveyor belt gallery, transfer station, etc. The characteristics of these areas are the same as other coal transportation corridors, which are dusty and vibrating. Therefore, high-pressure sodium lamps are used as light sources in this area.
The dust removal process is mainly based on electrostatic precipitators. Whether it is a power plant, metallurgy or other industries, electrostatic precipitators have a common feature that the dust is large. Therefore, the lamps used in this area must be three-proof lamps. For slag treatment, the temperature in this area is high, and the smoke at the slag discharge area is large. It is not suitable to install lamps near the slag pile, and the lighting in this area adopts long-distance projection lighting. In order to make the driver of the slag truck have no dizziness, anti-dazzle should be taken into account for the lamps in this area, no matter from the projection angle or the structure of the lamps. It is recommended to install 1000W high-power lamps on distant buildings for flood lighting. The continuous casting process is completed in the main steel-making workshop, where the lamps and lanterns are generally installed by ceiling hoisting or suction wall installation on the steel structure column of the workshop. Because of the high ambient temperature in the continuous casting area, no matter what installation method is used here, the heat dissipation performance of the lamps must be good. The areas similar to the continuous casting process include the rolling cooling bed area and the heating furnace area. These areas are high temperature areas, and the lamps must have excellent heat dissipation performance.
wire factory
The wire rod is used to preheat the cast billet, and after preheating, it is processed into a wire rod by a high-speed wire rod mill, and then bundled and marked after cooling. The whole process is relatively simple. The entire wire rod main plant is divided into raw material area, heating furnace area, high-speed rolling mill area, cooling bed area, finished product area and scrap steel area according to the area. Generally, the heating furnace, rolling mill area and cooling bed area are in the same span.
Raw material area, this area is where the billets are stacked, this area mainly relies on the crane operation, the billet is transported to the billet conveying trough through the crane, and the billet is transported to the heating furnace area for heating through the conveying trough. The area is lit with ceiling luminaires, and the luminaires can use integral hanging luminaires.
The heating furnace area, this area is a group of heating furnaces, the heating furnaces are arranged linearly to heat the billets, so the temperature in this area is very high. The lighting fixtures use ceiling lighting or side wall lighting, and the lighting fixtures should be split-type light-transmitting fixtures.
In the rolling mill area, although there are high-temperature billets/wires passing through this area, the billets/wires pass through in a single semi-closed manner, so the ceiling in this area is not very high. Ceiling installation of lamps and lanterns in sub-regions.
Cooling bed area, the function of this area is to preliminarily cool the wire that has just been produced, and it is the buffer area of the initial product. There are a large number of high-temperature wires in this area, so the temperature here is very high. It is recommended to use split-type floodlights here, and the installation method is ceiling installation (if it can be installed on the side wall, it is recommended to install on the side wall at the highest, so as to avoid the high temperature air waves rising in the middle area).
The finished product area and the scrap steel area are relatively simple, and can be installed by wall or rod type.
Factory street lights
The road lighting is relatively simple, but the road illumination should be guaranteed, the personal safety of employees should be protected, and energy conservation and emission reduction should also be considered.
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